Estradiol in Serum

In men: Low estradiol is seen with low testosterone / reduced aromatization, aromatase inhibitor therapy, and androgen deprivation therapy. It may contribute to reduced libido, vasomotor symptoms, and bone loss.

In women: Low estradiol is seen with menopause, primary ovarian insufficiency, functional hypothalamic amenorrhea / low energy availability, hypopituitarism, and aromatase inhibitor therapy. In premenopausal women, results should be interpreted in the context of cycle phase.

In men: High estradiol is seen with obesity / increased aromatization, liver cirrhosis, hyperthyroidism, and estrogen-producing testicular or adrenal tumors. It may be associated with gynecomastia and sexual dysfunction.

In women: High estradiol is seen physiologically in pregnancy and around ovulation, and can also occur with ovulation induction or estrogen therapy, estrogen-secreting ovarian or adrenal tumors, liver disease, and hyperthyroidism.